"NS5 Branes in the Early Universe" by S. Argyres

"In the 20th century, work on a model for instanton liquids has opened up a metastable class of large mass models. Unsurprisingly, in recent years, Schwinger derived that the A-model/unparticle physics correspondence is diffractive. In this paper, we take an inflationary approach to trivial metrics, wholly reviewing that general gerbs are related to Lagrange singularities, wholly obtaining that an orientifold plane in the early universe is unconventional. An elaborate part of this analysis is gravitational-duality in topologically twisted TQFTs in the presence of a D1 instanton. Our results establish that a certain notion of localization (excluding general T-duality) is modified. We will provide more details in a future paper."

Despite the title, this is another rather mathematical paper. It's surprising to hear that Schwinger worked on unparticles; and what can it mean, that a correspondence is "diffractive"? It must be one of those highly abstract notions - motivic, or perhaps categorical, given the reference to gerbes. I am tempted to skip this one entirely, but let's make the effort and at least try to figure out what the "A-model/unparticle physics correspondence" might be.

The A model is the version of topological string theory which descends from the Type IIA string. (The later reference to a D1 instanton suggests Type IIB, but that is in the context of a duality, and the NS5-branes of the title occur in both Type II theories.) So far as I can tell, there isn't such a thing as an individual "unparticle"; "unparticle physics" refers to the manifestations of conformally invariant fields coupled to the Standard Model, such as missing energy that looks like it went into a fractional number of particles. They have no discernible connection... But stop the presses! Over at the stodgy old arxiv, there's a paper on "The AdS/CFT/Unparticle Correspondence". Like everything else in field theory, it turns out that unparticles have a holographic counterpart in AdS space. So here is our interpretive salvation: the A-model/unparticle physics correspondence is obviously a mutant form of the AdS/CFT/unparticle correspondence. (Details will be provided in a future blog post.) This even makes it plausible that the peculiar appellation, "diffractive", has at least a semi-literal meaning.

In any case, the significance of this paper is now a lot clearer: it's an application of (mutant) AdS/CFT to ... something ... about the early universe (NS5-branes in the title, an orientifold plane in the abstract). But most of the results are rather technical.